Stanley Milgram s On The World War II - 1657 Words

In many situations, there have been authority figures with mass followings. Often the power the leader holds over their followers can influence them to do negative things. Many people believe that they can be independent enough to resist any pressure put on them by an authoritative figure. If this was true, then why do genocides mark the pages of history books around the world? Stanley Milgram sought to answer this budding question. He used his scientific authority to conduct an experiment which would reveal that most people would succumb to authority and obey their commands. This contradicts what most people would like to believe about themselves and their morals. Many people believe that they would never harm another human being, even under pressure from an authoritative figure, the Stanley Milgram Experiment proves that this is false. Although the experiment left its participants psychologically harmed, the results discovered why genocides continue to happen. Most people collapse under the pressure and obey any command given to them rather than doing what they believe is right. World War II was a devastating time for many people in which the entire globe was effected by the authority of one single man and his leaders. The Nazis had mercilessly taken over many countries in Europe. Every Nazi would fall under the rule of one person; Adolf Hitler. This man was known to be a ruthless cold-blooded killer. However, it’s perceived that Hitler never personally kill anyone butShow MoreRelatedThe Perils of Obedience, by Stanley Milgram1499 Words   |  6 Pageselectrical shock on another innocent human being, would you follow your direct orders? That is the question that Stanley Milgram, a psychologist at Yale University tested in the 1960’s. Most people would answer â€Å"no,† to imposing pain on innocent human beings but Milgram wanted to go further with his study. Writing and Reading across the Curriculum holds a shortened edition of Stanley Milgram’s â€Å"The Perils of Obedience,† where he displays an eye-opening experiment th at tests the true obedience ofRead MoreReview Of Stanley Milgram s 1215 Words   |  5 Pagesstandout amongst the most renowned investigations of compliance in brain research was done by Stanley Milgram (Myers 499). Stanley Milgram was a therapist at Yale University, directed an analysis concentrating on the contention between acquiescence to power and individual still, small voice. He analyzed avocations for demonstrations of genocide offered by those blamed at the World War II, Nuremberg War Criminal trials (Myers 499). Their resistance regularly depended on submission - that they wereRead MoreStanley Milgram s Influence On The Human Mind872 Words   |  4 Pagessurrounded by a lot of controversy. An American man named Stanley Milgram conducted one of such experiments. Stanley Milgram was born in New York City on August 15th, 1933 to a family of Jewish immigrants. He attended James Monroe High School, with another famous future psychologist, Philip Zimbardo. Reportedly, Milgram was a determined kid and he managed to graduate high school in just three years. In 1954, he continued on to earn his Bachelor s in Political Science from Queens College. From thereRead MoreStanley Milgram s Theory Of Social Psychology1098 Words   |  5 Pages Stanley Milgram was a well-known intelligent American social psychologist. He was born August 15, 1933 in New York. Before the presents of Stanley Milgram his parents Samuel and Adele Milgram were Jewish immigrants from the Eastern part of Europe. Around that time in Europe that was when Adolf Hitler was on the rise so Milgram parents hurried and fled to New York in America (Blass, 2004). While being in New York Milgram parents both had jobs as a baker and raised him and his other two siblingsRead Moreâ€Å"I n 1961, Stanley Milgram, A Psychologist At Yale University,872 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"In 1961, Stanley Milgram, a psychologist at Yale University, conducted an experiment on the conflict between obedience to authority and personal conscience. He examined the justifications for acts of genocide given by those accused at the World War II Nuremberg War Criminal trials. Their defense often was based on obedience,† and that they were just following orders from their superiors. The procedure was that the participant was paired with another person and they drew straws to find out who wouldRead MoreStanley Milgram s Obedience Study1325 Words   |  6 PagesPsychology 230 Stanley Milgram’s obedience study has become one of the most timeless experiments and is thought of as a work of art. In this experiment, Milgram examined if individuals would take requests from authority figures regardless if they felt that the requests were ethical or not. Milgram chose members for this study by daily paper advertising for male participants to partake in an investigation at Yale University. In World War II, Nazis justified killings by saying that they were simplyRead MoreConflict Between Obedience And Authority And Personal Morale1226 Words   |  5 Pageshimself as an instrument for carrying out another person s wishes and he therefore no longer regards himself as responsible for his actions.† ( ) When one thinks of the many historical events, it is evident that much of humans behaviour is a result of obedience to authority in contrast to rebellion. Why is this? One and possibly the most famous experiment ever executed to investigate this mor al question is referred to as â€Å"The Milgram experiment.† We hear and come across commands and ordersRead MoreObedience Is The Psychological Mechanism That Links Individual Action1065 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"Obedience is the psychological mechanism that links individual action to political purpose.† (Milgram, 1963). As a Psychologist at Yale University, Milgram proposed an experiment mainly focusing on the conflict between obedience to authority and personal conscience. In the 1960’s, Stanley Milgram analyzed justifications for genocide acts by those accused during World War II. The Nuremberg War Criminal trials, States the people were thought of them as simply following orders from their higher ranksRead MoreMilgram Experiment : What Was The Intent?1571 Words   |  7 Pagesdid Hitler condemn so many people to death and question why he was hated by them?† Well that is exactly why Stanley Milgram conducted experiments to test how far an ordinary pe rson would inflict pain onto a stranger. The Nazi killing was brutal and inhumane but the people conflicting death upon thousands felt no remorse or guilt so the Milgram Experiment was used to finally get answers. Milgram concluded that many will go to extreme lengths to obey authority and tend to believe what they are doing isRead MoreMilgram Experiment : What Was The Intent?1573 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"Why did the subordinates of Adolph Hitler blindly follow his immoral orders?† Well, that is exactly why Stanley Milgram conducted experiments to test how far an ordinary person would go to inflict pain onto a stranger. The Nazi killing was brutal and inhumane, but the people conflicting death upon thousands felt no remorse or guilt so the Milgram Experiment was used to finally get answers. Milgram concluded that many will go to extreme lengths to obey authority and tend to believe what they are doing

Profile of Mars, the Roman God of War

How Geography Impacted Ancient China - 585 Words

Ancient China How Geography Impacted Ancient China Many historians have contemplated if ancient China’s geography was harmful or helpful to the lasting of its civilization. Ancient China’s geography brought many contributions and devastations. The Huang He and Yangtze river valleys were vital to Chinese history. They provided the Chinese with fertile soil on which they based their agrarian society. The Himalayas form a natural barrier and played an important role by serving the Chinese with protection. While this helped China to thrive, rivers also overflowed and caused devastation along with mountain ranges preventing cultural diffusion from happening. Both the Huang He and Yangtze rivers contributed to the success of ancient Chinese civilization. These rivers provided the Chinese with fertile soil (Huang He). The Huang He River was given the nickname Yellow River because of the loess sediments that the river contains (Huang He). As a result, a majority of the population settled along the Huang He and Yangtze river va lleys (Starr). This was very vital to the Chinese culture and reflected in their social classes (Perkins 4). The second class was made up of farmers (Perkins 4). â€Å"The Chinese have always felt that the owning of land for agriculture is the basis of wealth and social prestige† (Perkins 4). The rivers also provided transportation navigable by ships (Starr 21). The Chinese used boats for travel and transportation of goods up and down the rivers (BlundenShow MoreRelatedAncient China s Development And Growth Of A Successful Ancient Chinese Society1349 Words   |  6 PagesIt is a nation in which people advance to reach a level of social development and organization. During the Han (206 BC-220 AD) and Qin (221 BC-207 BC) dynasties, Ancient China became unified. The Chinese developed a strong government and powerful empire with the help of its geography, social hierarchy, and belief system. The geography provided protection and goods necessary for survival and trade. The so cial hierarchy affected the ways of life of the people by determining their wealth and educationRead More Geography’s Impact on Culture and Society Essays1984 Words   |  8 PagesSociety When studying ancient civilizations and the beginning societies in the world, the geography has shaped its story significantly. Depending on the location of the civilization society, whether or not water was nearby was crucial for its survival. With trade networks, metals, foods, and languages were spread. Weapons were able to be formed from these metals which led to a stronger military. Mountain ranges formed the boundaries of civilizations. Geography greatly impacted Asia, Africa and EuropeRead MoreData Collection Of Hejing County And A Laboratory Analysis Phase At Washington University1728 Words   |  7 Pagesat a series of archaeological sites in Central Asia, including Mailykhotan (Uzbekistan), Tashbulak (Uzbekistan), Dali (Kazakhstan), Yikaibulusitai (China), Chahantonggu (China), and Sanhaizi (China). All of these sites are distributed along the IAMC with a time span from the Bronze Age to the medieval period. I believe my familiarity with the geography and archaeology in t his region has well prepared me to pursue a deeper understanding of the IAMC connectivity. Meanwhile, I have received trainingRead MoreEssay on HISTORY1490 Words   |  6 Pagesof Fire The Mississippi River The Gobi Desert (10 points) II. Graphic Organizer Fill in the table below about these five major world religions. Do not fill in the shaded boxes. (10 points) Religion Name at least one Holy Text How do you achieve enlightment? Describe their view about the afterlife. Hinduism Bhagvada Gata Do good deeds to get good karma until you break the samsara or cycle of reincarnation and reach enlightenment Buddhism Believe the Four Truths are trueRead MoreTaking a Look at Greek, Chinese and Indian Civilizations1995 Words   |  8 Pagestypes of achievements. These achievements such as cultural, mathematical, scientific, etc. help define how successful that civilization was. There were always scientific and mathematical achievements of different magnitudes in every civilization. The three civilizations that really stand out in their mathematical and scientific achievements are the Greek, Chinese, and Indian civilizations. Ancient India began around 2600 B.C. and ended around 500 A.D. The civilization flourished around the Indus RiverRead MoreGuns, Germs, And Steel : The Fates Of Human Societies1886 Words   |  8 Pageslittle cargo of our own?† Part 1: From Eden to Cajamarca In chapter one, Diamond mainly discusses how the evolution of different organisms allowed for further development in the world. He writes that there are fossils of the first human ancestors (gorilla, chimpanzee, and the bonobo) located in Africa that date back to 7 million B.C. Diamond describes the different capabilities of each organism and how they are similar to humans now in modern days. Diamond explains â€Å"The Great Leap Forward† whichRead MoreThe Decline Of The Paleolithic Age1233 Words   |  5 Pagesthe African Great Lakes. From there, they spread out all over Africa. Then they moved out of Africa into Southwestern Asia. They migrated toward Europe and from Eastern Asia down through the Pacific Islands and Australia. Many historians argue over how humans populated the Americas, but most believe that they traveled on a land bride, connecting Russia to North America during the Ice age. Once they reached North America, the Paleolithic people migrated downward unti l they reached the tip of SouthRead MoreChinese and Greek Mythology1564 Words   |  7 Pagesprogresses to prevent future misfortune. Firstly, if peace is kept in the heavens of Greece then there will be less despair on Earth. The battle of authority results in a punishment system being enforced to confine cruel people and prevent rebellions. In ancient Greece there was a constant power struggle for the gods because of the underlying fear that their children would replace them in the chain of command. The text supports the argument of development and enhancement after unreasonable decisions are madeRead MoreThe Effects of Color on Personality and Relationships Essay1607 Words   |  7 Pagesand Relationships When dealing with interpersonal relationships people’s personalities are a large part of how people get along. When you meet a new person you may say that you â€Å"hit it off† or that â€Å"you just clicked†; this is due to how each other’s personalities coincide with one another’s. People’s personalities are impacted by there surroundings. This paper will discuss how color affects people’s moods and personalities. All people are affected by their surroundings. Emily Landen afterRead MoreWhat Aspects Of Human Life Remain The Same Across All Three Groups2974 Words   |  12 Pagesthe humans did in there life and the Venus figurines shows sexual features suggested the paleolithic people fasioned such as figurines out of an interest in fertility. 6. How did the gradual transformation from hunting and gathering to agriculture probably occur? How did it spread? The change came when people first discovered how to cultivate crops and to domesticate animals. This was the most significant single development in human history and it happened within the Stone Age. 7. What were the most

Personal Philosophy of Education Essay - 940 Words

â€Å"I’ve learned that people will forget what you said, people will forget what you did, but people will never forget how you made them feel.† (Angelou, 2009) This is a truth that I have witnessed firsthand. As a child, at the tender age of seven years, I was blessed with an educator, Mrs. Cager, whose commitment to her students was so profound until I have never forgotten her. She made me feel like I was the most important person in her classroom. Her encouraging words instilled a level of confidence within me that I still cling to and apply more than 40 years later. Her commitment is directly responsible for my personal philosophy of education also being commitment. Other philosophies of education like dedication, responsibility,†¦show more content†¦Commitment causes the teacher to seek effective ways of pulling out what is inside of the student. Two ways to do this is through cooperative training which is pairing the students or placing them small groups, and peer teaching which gives the student the opportunity to explain using his own understanding. Both are very effective methods as they embrace individuality and creativity. As stated earlier, my personal philosophy of education is commitment. A commitment is an agreement or pledge to do something. My commitment will be to the student, the school, the parent, the community, and to myself. First and foremost, an educator’s commitment should be to the student. She should be caring, honest, and fair. She should be clear and concise with policies, always maintaining control of her class. She should build up not break down. She should explore ways to enhance the learning experience so that her class does is not lost in a sea of boredom. She should be diligent in giving her students the best of what her field of study has to offer. A teacher should be committed to the school for which she is employed. She should give an honest day’s work for an honest day’s pay. She should show professionalism at all times. She should be respectful to her peers and always subject to authority. She should report for duty on time. Parents are due a certain level of commitment from the teacher. Educators shouldShow MoreRelatedA Personal Philosophy Of Education Essay1164 Words   |  5 PagesA Personal Philosophy of Education Introduction â€Å"Being reflective involves thinking about what one is doing, and why, before, during, and after the act of doing it (Sweitzer, 2003 p.264). I believe self-knowledge of the professor is critical for meaningful learning to occur. Self-knowledge through reflection allows the professor to embrace teaching through the eyes of a scholar; thus providing a diverse learning environment supporting engagement and motivation of the learner. This paper describesRead MorePersonal Education Philosophy : Personal Philosophy Of Educational Philosophy932 Words   |  4 PagesEducational Philosophy Remember: everyone in the classroom has a story that leads to misbehavior or defiance. 9 times out of 10, the story behind the misbehavior won’t make you angry. It will break your heart. - Annette Breaux My educational philosophy stems from the belief that all people are capable of learning and growing and that education is a powerful tool in helping students achieve both their personal and professional goals. I am also a firm believer in trauma-informed schools and educationRead MoreA Personal Philosophy Of Education869 Words   |  4 Pagesthe healthcare field continues to evolve so must the nursing education system. Personal Philosophy of Education A personal philosophy of education is important to all Nurse Educators. It allows for the Nurse Educator to truly take time to reflect and reconnect to themselves and their profession; highlighting what is central and sacred to them as an individual, a nurse, and an educator. I believe that my personal philosophy of education will continue to progress and change just as healthcare andRead MoreA Personal Philosophy of Education625 Words   |  2 Pages A personal philosophy of education serves to unify the experience of teaching for the individual. It provides our students with a professional that understands the context of learning from which their classroom stems. It also ensures a personal sense of growth: a lifelong process valued by the profession as a whole. I have combined beliefs from pedagogical, ethical and personally developed ideas I intend to use as a foundation in creating a nurturing classroom environment. Education couldRead MorePersonal Philosophy Of Education756 Words   |  4 Pagesselecting and implementing programs that will enhance my vision/goal of the organization. What drives me is my passion for education reform. Charter schools are public schools that managed by private institutions with the promise of improving academic results. Working in two different charter schools for the past 5 years gave a new perspective and experiences on education reform. I have seen many programs being implemented that are really awesome and others that fail. These events had a huge impactRead MoreMy Personal Philosophy Of Education997 Words   |  4 Pages Philosophy of Education Discovering the place where personal values and expertise meet organizational values and needs offers a dynamic partnership opportunity. Mutual achievement of organizational academic quality and professional fulfillment provides a positive learning environment. Developing a personal philosophy of education enables an educator to understand and communicate the underlying basis for his or her approach to education. Sharing this philosophy provides valuable information forRead MoreMy Personal Philosophy Of Education1476 Words   |  6 Pages CLES 871 Foundations of Higher Education Summer 2015 Instructor: Joel Abaya, PhD Personal Philosophy of Education Submitted by: Wessam Elamawy . Personal Philosophy of Education Introduction: From the very beginning of my life I recognized the importance of higher education. I am 34 years old. I am Egyptian. I was born in a highly educated family . My father earned a Ph.D. in chemistry. My uncle earned a Ph.D. in Engineering . My aunt is a doctor. My grandparents wereRead MoreMy Personal Philosophy of Education958 Words   |  4 PagesMy Personal Philosophy of Education It is customary that on New Year’s Eve, we make New Year resolution. The fact is that we are making a set of guideline that we want to live by. These are motives that we seek to achieve. In a similar way, teachers live by philosophy. This essay focuses on my personal philosophy of education. It unfolds the function of philosophy in a teacher’s life, my view on the purpose of education, the student teacher- relationship and the philosophy which influences myRead MoreMy Personal Philosophy Of Education1335 Words   |  6 Pages I tested into a progressivism teaching style in the â€Å"Finding Your Philosophy of Education Quiz.† While I enjoyed learning about the different philosophies and psychological influences of teaching, I prefer constructivism, social reconstruction, and progressivism due to their student-centered learning, hands-on or project based learning style, while making efforts to improve the world around them. I will be discussing why I chose progr essivism, social reconstruction, and constructivism as my preferencesRead MoreMy Personal Philosophy Of Education1244 Words   |  5 Pageswhat they deem best. In creating such a resource now, before diving into a classroom, a teacher can have time to develop and broaden their philosophy of teaching—be prepared before they take that fatal plunge. So, in order to be best prepared for my future endeavors as an educator, I believe it is in my best interest to lay out a personal philosophy of education—a lay out that will aid me in times of need and a way to gauge change, progress, and growth through my Simpson College career. In doing so

Argumentative Position Paper Free Essays

| | | | | | The â€Å"Weak† Tea Party Movement Curt D. Collins Bellevue University Professor Wright EN102-T301 Composition II October 13, 2012 The â€Å"Weak† Tea Party Movement On Feb. 19, 2009, about a month after President Barack Obama’s first day on the job, CNBC host Rick Santelli railed against the President’s proposed bank bailout and stimulus package on the floor of the Chicago Mercantile Exchange calling it an effort to help those who did not, or could not, help themselves (Tea Party Movement, 2012). We will write a custom essay sample on Argumentative Position Paper or any similar topic only for you Order Now Santelli sanctioned â€Å"another tea party† similar to the American Revolution movement of the same name, and almost immediately, the movement gained momentum. By autumn, hundreds of Tea Party groups organized efforts in every state (Tea Party Movement, 2012). A year later, the movement influenced Republican party politics in the 2010 congressional elections (Tea Party Movement Evolves, 2012). With all the hype and candidate activities grabbing headlines for the past two years, the Tea Party Movement has fallen back to the shadows of the alleys that seldom get noticed. The goals of the movement initially were to remove Republican Party officials who were not living up to the conservative standards adopted by the movement and stop the Democratic economic policy supporters from carrying out the bailout plan. Although the Tea Party Movement was effective in 2009 and 2010 at trying to accomplish it’s goals, the lack of a substantive spokesman, little to not political pull, and sporadic support has watered down the efforts of the movement to an almost complete halt in 2012. Therefore, the Tea Partiers have lost their chance to evoke change in the government. Since the Tea Party Movement ideals do not support the President’s party, Democrats view the movement as a road block to progressing the current administration’s plans for economic recovery. Conservative thinkers, on the other hand, see the Tea Partiers as throw back hardliners who will stop at nothing to achieve the success that comes with defeating the Democrats in elections, passing an economic strategy that supports a more conservative framework, and purging the Republican party of so called conservatives that really don’t practice what they preach. This kind of focus and drive is a good thing. The founding of the United States of America is based on the idea that we all have the right to speak out against the current government. Conflict is healthy. With conflict comes resolution. The resolution brings a new idea that best suites the situation. Theda Skocpol, Victor S. Thomas Professor of Government and Sociology Harvard University, cites three main forces behind the movement’s success: â€Å"grassroots activism, funding from wealthy conservative advocacy groups, and publicity from right-leaning broadcasters† (Skopcol and Williamson, 2012). The movement has all the ingredients of becoming a very viable and valid contender for fighting the good fight, according to some. Newt Gingrich, former Speaker of the US House of Representatives, stated the following in a July 29, 2010 interview with Newsmax. tv:†First of all, I think the Republican Tea Party will beat the Democratic Socialist Party†¦ Second, I like the Tea Party movement†¦ I think the Tea Partiers I meet with around the country†¦ re serious people studying the Constitution, trying to find a way to get back to balanced, limited government with balanced budgets and with much less power in Washington, and I approve of their general direction. † July 29, 2010| The key point to take away from Gingrich’s statement is that the Tea Party is trying, without success, to invoke principles that have do not have widespread appeal. In cases like this, a spokesman for the Party Movement would be most beneficial. Rick Santorum, former US Senator (R-PA), stated the following during the June 13, 2011 CNN Republican presidential debate in Manchester, NH, available on CNN. com: | â€Å"I think the Tea Party is a great backstop for America. I love it when people hold up this Constitution and say we have to live by what our founders laid out for this country. It is absolutely essential that we have that backbone to the Republican Party going into this election. † June 13, 2011 | Although Santorum supports the ideas the Tea Party Movement endorses, he does not support the movement. Tea Partiers fight for what is theirs. Most are older citizens that rely on Social Security and Medicare, two things that the Democratic economic strategy will substantially reduce fiscally. â€Å"They think that government spending is OK as long as it’s for people who’ve worked all their lives and earned the benefits,† Skocpol said. â€Å"They speak of themselves as hard-working Americans who deserve all they’re getting from society. † The Tea Party Movement does not support programs like Pell Grants, food stamps, and Medicaide. In general, the movement members do not feel an obligation to support groups like immigrants, people of color, and young people. Opposition from these groups has contributed greatly to the demise of support for the Tea Party Movement. The mantra for Tea Partiers is that of a generation who worked hard for the benefits that they currently have and damned be anyone who tries to â€Å"steal† from that pot (Skopcol and Williamson, 2012). This ideology is slowly turning away a whole generation. Without support from these less mature individuals, the party is losing popularity, fast. The beginnings of the movement may have be admirable, however, its growth and victories are a result of donations from conservative groups and exposure due to making headlines (Skopcol and Williamson, 2012). â€Å"Conservative political action committees saw a good thing erupt in 2009, and joined with right-wing media leaders in cheerleading, pushing, leveraging the grassroots protesters to effect change within the Republican Party,† Skocpol said. Their goal was to move the GOP further to the right in policy terms, and to prevent moderates from getting elected, and from compromising with Democrats if they got there. The right-wing media helped to give scattered protesters and groups the sense that they were in something big together and could affect national politics. † Although Republicans benefitted from Tea Party influence by achieving electoral success in 2010 and may again in 2 012, Skocpol says that the movement creates major problems for the Republican Party as the years go on (Skopcol and Williamson, 2012). One of the problems being that the popularity of the movement might polarize supporters, therefore, the support will die in order to facilitate â€Å"acceptance† in the party as a whole. The more likely result is that Tea Party supporters will come into the fold of the Republican Party, abandoning the ideals and issues once fought for strongly by the movement. Mitt Romney, former Governor of Massachusetts, stated the following during the NBC News/Politico Republican presidential debate held at the Reagan Library in Simi Valley, CA  on Sep. , 2011, available at NYTimes. com:| â€Å"I believe in a lot of what the Tea Party believes in. The Tea Party believes that government’s too big, taxing too much, and that we ought to get — get to the work of getting Americans to work. So I put together a plan with a whole series of points of how we can get America’s economy going again. Tea Party people like that. So if the Tea Party is for keeping government small a nd spending down, and helping us create jobs, then, hey, I’m for the Tea Party. † Sep. 7, 2011| The real Tea Party Movement is not a political party. How can a movement endorse anybody? It can’t. This is a big factor for why interest and momentum is dwindling with the movement. One reason for the lack of leadership: Romney, Gingrich, and Santorum have each taken political and economic contrary stands on issues that the Tea Party Movement supported. Gingrich and Romney both supported a bank bailout in 2008, as well as supporting health insurance incentives years earlier (Skopcol and Williamson, 2012). Santorum, the most conservative of the three, voted against several projects that received Tea Party support during his time in the Senate (Skopcol and Williamson, 2012). Looking more like a senior citizens brigade than a force to be reckoned with in the political arena, the Tea Party Movement is waning. â€Å"The Tea Party movement is dead. It’s gone,† says Chris Littleton, the cofounder of the Ohio Liberty Council, a statewide coalition of Tea Party groups in Ohio (The Tea Party Movement Evolves, 2012). I think largely the Tea Party is irrelevant in the primaries. They aren’t passionate about any of the candidates, and if they are passionate, they’re for Ron Paul. † Ron Paul has no support from any party and is not considered to be a contender for the office of the President. The Tea Party Movement will not influence government as long as it continues to repel support of minority groups, cling to issues that affect only a fraction of the population , and fail at choosing a spokesperson who can be rallied around to act as effective leader for the group. References Skocpol, T. , and Williamson, V. , (2012). The Tea Party and the Remaking of an Conservatism. Oxford; New York: Oxford UP. Print. Tea Party Movement. (2012). In The New York Times. Retrieved from http://topics. nytimes. com/top/reference/timestopics/subjects/t/tea_party_movement/index. html Barrow, W. , (2012). Tea Party Movement Evolves, Achieves State Policy Victories. (2012). In Huffington Post. Retrieved from http://www. huffingtonpost. com/2012/08/12/tea-party-movement_n_1770452. html How to cite Argumentative Position Paper, Essays

The Effects of The Black Death on the Economic and Social Life of Europe Essay Example For Students

The Effects of The Black Death on the Economic and Social Life of Europe Essay The Black Death is the name later given to the epidemic of plague that ravaged Europe between 1347 and 1351. The disaster affected all aspects of life. Depopulation and shortage of labor hastened changes already inherent in the rural economy; the substitution of wages for labor services was accelerated, and social stratification became less rigid. Psychological morbidity affected the arts; in religion, the lack of educated personnel among the clergy gravely reduced the intellectual vigor of the church. In less than four years the disease carved a path of death through Asia, Italy, France, North Africa, Spain and Normandy, made its way over the Alps into Switzerland, and continued eastward into Hungary (Microsoft Bookshelf, page 1). After a brief respite, the plague resumed, crossing the channel into England, Scotland, and Ireland, and eventually made its way into the northern countries of Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Iceland and even as far north as Greenland. In other words, the plague touched almost the entire known world. So much death could not help but tear economic and social structures apart. Lack of peasants and laborers sent wages soaring, and the value of land plummeted. For the first time in history the scales tipped against wealthy landlords as peasants and serfs gained more bargaining power. Without architects, masons and artisans, great cathedrals and castles remained unfinished for hundreds of years. Governments, lacking officials, floundered in their attempts to create order out of chaos. The living lost all sense of morality and justice, and a new attitude toward the church emerged. Medieval people could find no Divine reason for the four-year nightmare, and dissatisfaction with the church gave impetus to reform movements that eventually broke apart the unity of the Catholic Church. The plague itself was disastrous enough, especially in the appearance of more than one form during the same epidemic. But coming when it did was as catastrophic as its form. The middle 14th century was not a good time for Europe. The European economy was already in difficulties. It was approaching the limits of expansion, both on its frontiers and in reclaiming land from forest and swamp. The arrival of the Mongols and the Ottomans had disrupted trade routes, and certain areas of Europe were edging into depression. The Church was in poor shape as well. The popes resided at Avignon, not at Rome, to the scandal of many. Heresy could be found in England and Bohemia and southern France, and the Church seemed unable to control it (Encyclopedia Britannica, p. 58). The Holy Land had been lost in the 1290s and efforts to recover it had been dismal failures. The Black Death exacerbated the difficulties created by war and a constricted economy. There is a relationship here, of course. The effects of the plague were made worse because of these other problems. And the problems themselves were redoubled because of the plague. Another major problem was the Jewish population. In village after village, the common people laid the blame of the plague at the feet of the Jews. Hundreds of Jews were accused of poisoning wells and put to the question, medieval code for torture, and burned. Despite this, the Jews were also provided- by Casimir the Great of Poland- protection from pogroms and ritual murders at the hands of the Christians. When the Black Death raged through the German lands between 1348 and 1352, over 300 Jewish communities were either destroyed or expelled from their homelands. The Black Death changed the demography of Europe substantially. Aside from the Plague deaths, there was also a decline in the birth rate. The net result was that by 1400, Europes population was half what it had been in 1345. This is known with some accuracy from the many Medieval church, census, and tax records that have survived. Europes population took about six generations to recover. Cities were hit hard by the plague. .ua946291248f97c94a70d98ae8251ef31 , .ua946291248f97c94a70d98ae8251ef31 .postImageUrl , .ua946291248f97c94a70d98ae8251ef31 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ua946291248f97c94a70d98ae8251ef31 , .ua946291248f97c94a70d98ae8251ef31:hover , .ua946291248f97c94a70d98ae8251ef31:visited , .ua946291248f97c94a70d98ae8251ef31:active { border:0!important; } .ua946291248f97c94a70d98ae8251ef31 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ua946291248f97c94a70d98ae8251ef31 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ua946291248f97c94a70d98ae8251ef31:active , .ua946291248f97c94a70d98ae8251ef31:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ua946291248f97c94a70d98ae8251ef31 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ua946291248f97c94a70d98ae8251ef31 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ua946291248f97c94a70d98ae8251ef31 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ua946291248f97c94a70d98ae8251ef31 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ua946291248f97c94a70d98ae8251ef31:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ua946291248f97c94a70d98ae8251ef31 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ua946291248f97c94a70d98ae8251ef31 .ua946291248f97c94a70d98ae8251ef31-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ua946291248f97c94a70d98ae8251ef31:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Many people today assume automatically that techno EssayFinancial business was disrupted as debtors died and their creditors found themselves without recourse. There was simply no one to collect from. Construction projects stopped for a time or were abandoned altogether. Guilds lost their craftsmen and could not replace them. The labor shortage was very severe, especially in the short term, and consequently, wages rose. Because of the mortality, there was an oversupply of goods, and so prices dropped. Between the two trends, the standard of living rose for those still living. The Black Death speeded up the changes in medieval society that were already under way. The most immediate effect of the Black Death was a shortage of labor. Much land could no longer be cultivated. In response, the nobles refused to continue the long common practice of gradually eliminating serfdom by allowing the serfs to buy their freedom. Over the centuries it had been realized by some that free tenants were more productive than serfs, and this had led to a gradual breakdown in the use of serfs. With the post-Plague labor shortage, many nobles tried to reverse the process in order to keep their land under cultivation and their income up. Free tenants were taking advantage of the labor shortage to demand better terms from their landlords and that the nobles were reluctant to see their incomes reduced. Governments tried to fix wages, but the labor shortage was irresistible. If their feudal lords would not relent, serfs simply fled to areas where wages were higher or land rental terms lower. The shock of the Plague caused many peasants to demand a restructuring of society, often with a religious fervor. An approximation of democracy was demanded and with it a curbing of aristocratic rights and privileges. When these hopes for a better life were curtly dismissed, or savagely repressed by the nobility, many commoners rose in rebellion. The French Jacquerie of 1358, the English Peasants Rebellion in 1381, the Catalonian Rebellion in 1395, and many revolts in Germany, all serve to show how seriously the mortality had disrupted economic and social relations. Unrest was everywhere (Microsoft Bookshelf, page 1). None of the rebellions were successful. But in the end the disintegration of the manor system of managing agriculture began. A land rent system, with the freedom of the peasants recognized replaced it. This system still exists in many parts of Europe, although the desire of peasants to own their land eventually led, centuries later, to migration to places like Russia, Australia, Africa, and the Americas (Encyclopedia Britannica, pp. 58-59). There was never enough land, and dividing it among the sons soon led to economically untenable situations. The higher wages and the small manufacturing caused high inflation and commercial classes attempted to maintain their position by getting laws passed regulating who could enter their industries. This simply caused unrest in the cities, as landless peasants rioted for the opportunities now denied them. Higher wages meant that many people had more money to spend on themselves. New industries arose to meet the demand. Governments also had to adapt. Land was abandoned, rents were not paid, and tax revenue declined. This had a drastic effect on the war, as the wages of mercenary soldiers increased while available tax revenue decreased by more than 50 percent. The French also suffered from the collapse of the system of free military service as a feudal obligation. There was fewer trained soldiers available and those that were still around wanted a lot more money or simply had better financial prospects doing something else. As a result of the Plague, the French went over to a system of paid, professional, army, something the English had been doing for a long time. Coming at a time when taxes were lower than previously, this led to smaller armies. The post-Plague world was one of vastly increased opportunity for inventive and capable individuals. While the Black Death killed off medieval society, it gave birth to the beginnings of our own industrialized consumer society.

Sonet Digital Hierarchy Essay Sample free essay sample

* Synchronous Optical Networking ( SONET ) is a standardised multiplexing protocol that transportations multiple digital spot watercourses over optical fibre utilizing optical masers or light breathing rectifying tubes ( LEDs ) . SONET was designed by the American National Standards Institute ( ANSI ) for the USA populace telephone web in the mid 1980’’s due to the dissolution of AT A ; T. With the dissolution. legion regional telephone companies were created and those companies encountered web jobs working together every bit good as entirely. SONET was created as the new criterion for these companies to utilize for their fiber ocular long distance cabling. SONET is similar to the T-1 transmittal service because it is an optical transmittal service and is able to present many informations channels from different beginnings. SONET is different from T-1 engineering as it uses fiber ocular media every bit good as different bordering techniques than a T-1 transmittal service. SONET besides provides a much higher transmittal capacity than T-1. We will write a custom essay sample on Sonet Digital Hierarchy Essay Sample or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Some of the advantages provided by SONET are. fibre is really unafraid. fibre has really low spot error rates. fibre is immune to interference. Although SONET has the possible to offer big sums of bandwidth to the terminal user. it is besides really expensive. SONET services cost about 20 % more than other digital services of the same bandwidth. * * Derdavis3. . ( 2012 ) . T ( X ) and Synchronous Optical Network ( sonet ) Digital Hierarchy Ntc/362. Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //www. studymode. com/essys/t-x-And-Synchronous-Optical-Network-Sonet-1058354. hypertext markup language * * Woodcock. R. ( n. d. ) . Deriving an Understanding of SONET. Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //misnt. indstate. edu/harper/Sonet. htm